All individuals have the right to health. Yet there is an inadequate response from national health care systems to older people’s rights and needs. Although many older people are living longer and in better health, their needs for both health and social care are likely to become increasingly complex and interdependent in later life. At the same time, many older persons lack knowledge about their rights, or how to enjoy them. What challenges need to be addressed in order to recognize older people’s individual human rights, in particular health rights?