Aim: Nursing homes in Sweden provide housing and care for people 65 years or older who require assistance with everyday activities and care. An increasing number of nursing home residents have cognitive and functional decline, which leads to an increasing need for care time. Nursing home staff also report a lack of time to meet nursing home residents' needs, which may impact perceptions of person-centered care. This study aimed to explore changes in resource use and associated factors in Swedish nursing homes over five years. Methods: This repeated cross-sectional follow-up study used baseline (2013-2014) and follow-up (2018-2019) data from 4599 participants in the Swedish National Inventory of Care and Health in Residential Aged Care study. Time spent assisting nursing home residents' needs was measured using the Resource Use in Dementia scale. Descriptive statistics, t-tests and chi-square tests, and individual multiple linear regression were performed. Results: Resource use increased from 7.15 h/day to 7.83 h/day between baseline and follow-up. Resource use decreased among residents with higher levels of independence in activities of daily living (Personal activities of daily living: -0.31 h/day; Independent activities of daily living: -0.11 h/day; total resource use: -0.61 h/day). The number of residents living in a dementia unit increased from 34.6% to 43% and resource use increased among residents living in a dementia unit (total: 3.08 h/day). All reported values were statistically significant. Conclusion: Resource use in Swedish nursing homes increased between baseline and follow-up. These findings could help nursing home managers, stakeholders, and municipalities in future decisions regarding policies, financing, and implementation of person-centered care.