Top athletes execute precise physical actions based on rapid decision-making from sensory inputs, even in high-stress situations. This skill relies on a high-performing part of the brain known as "Executive Functions" (EF). Research indicates that combining cognitive exercises with physical actions significantly enhances EF for athletes and non-athletes alike. Executive Functions Training (EFT) serves not only as a performance booster for athletes but also as effective physiotherapy for recovery and elderly individuals.

Current EFT systems, relying on physical sensors, face drawbacks such as cumbersome training layout changes, constrained exercise options, and unknown limb trajectories. The innovative Executive Function Training System presented here utilizes real-time Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven Computer Vision (CV) and Video Projection (VP) instead of physical sensors. This eliminates the mentioned drawbacks, as a video with virtual sensors is projected, and cameras observe real-time movements to provide visual and/or acoustic feedback upon touching virtual sensors.

This groundbreaking EFT solution allows the development of customized exergames for various abilities, from elderly individuals to professional athletes. With full software control over projection and sensors, adjustments can be easily made to adapt difficulty levels. The same hardware setup suits both elderly users and athletes, with software being the sole differentiator. Real-time limb trajectory estimation introduces a novel set of exercises, such as precisely specifying and measuring an athlete's knee bend for maximum training effect. This system revolutionizes training and physiotherapy, opening up new possibilities in both fields.